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PERENCANAAN PENURUNAN STUNTING DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA DALAM PERSPEKTIF COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE

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RINGKASAN

Hilmayadi Umar, Program Studi Magister Administrasi Publik Universitas
Brawijaya Malang, “ Perencanaan Penurunan Stunting di Kabupaten Lombok
Utara dalam Perspektif Collaborative Governance”; Komisi Pembimbing: Ketua:
Professor Bambang Supriyono.,MS, Anggota: Dr. Endah Setyowati, S.Sos.,M.Si.
Pembangunan nasional bertujuan untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang
maju, mandiri, dan sejahtera, dengan sumber daya manusia sebagai modal utama.
Salah satu indikator kualitas SDM adalah kesehatan, yang menjadi hak asasi
manusia dan dijamin oleh negara melalui berbagai program pembangunan
kesehatan. Namun, permasalahan kekurangan gizi yang mengakibatkan stunting
masih menjadi tantangan besar di Indonesia. Stunting berdampak jangka panjang
terhadap perkembangan anak dan produktivitas masa depan, sehingga
pemerintah menetapkan penurunan stunting sebagai prioritas dalam dokumen
perencanaan seperti RPJMN 2020–2024, dengan target prevalensi 14% pada
tahun 2024. Di Kabupaten Lombok Utara, angka stunting yang sebelumnya
mencapai 33% pada 2020 berhasil diturunkan menjadi 15,98% pada awal 2024
melalui berbagai intervensi dan kebijakan. Meski demikian, terdapat ketimpangan
antar kecamatan dan perbedaan data antara SSGI dan e-PPGBM yang
menimbulkan tantangan tersendiri dalam proses perencanaan. Oleh karena itu,
penting bagi Bappeda sebagai koordinator penurunan stunting untuk merancang
perencanaan yang responsif terhadap kondisi lokal, serta melibatkan berbagai
stakeholder. Konsep perencanaan yang ideal seperti yang dikemukakan oleh
Catanese dan Snyder (1986) serta pendekatan collaborative governance menjadi
sangat relevan untuk mengatasi persoalan ini. Collaborative governance
melibatkan kerja sama lintas sektor pemerintah, swasta, masyarakat dan
partisipasi aktif para pemangku kepentingan. Meskipun secara regulatif peran
berbagai aktor sudah diatur, implementasinya masih belum optimal, terutama
dalam melibatkan masyarakat dan pihak swasta dalam proses perencanaan.
Selain itu, penelitian terdahulu lebih banyak berfokus pada implementasi program,
sementara aspek perencanaan khususnya dalam perspektif collaborative
governance belum banyak dikaji. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan mendalami
proses perencanaan penurunan stunting di Kabupaten Lombok
Utara,perencanaan penurunan stunting berdasarkan perspektif collaborative
governance diterapkan, stakeholder yang terlibat, serta faktor pendukung dan
penghambatnya
Dalam penelitian ini teori yang digunakan adalah model proses
perencanaan yang dikembangkan oleh Catanesse & Snyder (1986) yang terdiri
diagnosa masalah, perumusan tujuan, perkiraan dan proyeksi, pengembangan
alternatif, analisis feasibilitas, evaluasi dan implementasi. Selanjutnya,
menggunakan model collaborative governance yang dikemukakan oleh Ansell &
Gash (2007) yang terdiri dari kondisi awal, desain kelembagaan, kepemimpinan
fasilitatif, proses kolaborasi dan outcomes, serta teori stakeholder oleh Maryono
dkk (2005) yang terdiri dari Stakeholder Kunci, Stakeholder Primer, dan
Stakeholder Pendukung.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskripsi,
dengan Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan
dokumentasi,sumber data berasal dari informan di lapangan dan dokumen berupa
peraturan perundangan-undangan dan laporan 8 aksi konvergensi, menguji
keabsahan data mengacu pada 4 kriteria yang dikemukan oleh Moleong (2017)
yaitu standar kepercayaan, standar keteralihan, standar ketergantungan dan
standar ketergantungan, mteknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis
interaktif oleh Miles, Huberman & Saldana.
Hasil temuan dilapangan menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan penurunan
stunting di Kabupaten Lombok Utara sudah dilaksanakan sesuai model proses
perencanaan, tetapi masih terdapat kekurangan pada perumusan tujuan yang
tidak dimasukkan kedalam dokumen perencanaan dan tidak adanya proyeksi
jangka pendek, jangka menengah dan jangka panjang. Kemudian perencanaan
penurunan stunting dalam perspektif collaborative governance masih belum
optimal dikarenakan pada kondisi awal masih terdapat ketidakseimbangan
kewenangan dan tidak adanya insentif untuk memotivasi aktor dalam
perencanaan, dalam proses kolaborasi walaupun sudah terdapat wadah
pertemuan dalam menyusun perencanaan seperti rapat koordinasi dan rembuk
stunting akan tetapi partisipasi masyarakat dan swasta serta pemerintah desa
masih kurang. Selanjutnya stakeholder kunci terdiri dari Kepala daerah dan wakil
kepala daerah, Bappeda, DP2KB PMD, stakeholder primer terdiri DKPP, Dinsos
PPA, Dikbudpora, DPUPR PKP, dan stakeholder pendukung terdiri dari Kemenag,
Pemerintah provinsi, BKKBN, Organisasi Kesehatan, NGO, Perguruan
tinggi,pemerintah desa, masyarakat dan swasta. Faktor pendukung dalam
perencanaan stunting adalah komitmen pimpinan, sumberdaya manusia dan
anggaran, sedangkan faktor penghambat adalah kurangnya koordinasi dan
partisipasi masyarakat.

Pemerintah Kabupaten Lombok Utara disarankan untuk menyusun
rumusan tujuan secara jelas dalam dokumen perencanaan dan membuat proyeksi
penurunan stunting berbasis data EPPGBM hingga target nol persen, guna
memperkuat arah kebijakan, monitoring capaian, dan komitmen lintas sektor.
Selain itu, insentif finansial bagi stakeholder yang terlibat dalam perencanaan
dapat diberikan sebagai bentuk apresiasi dan motivasi agar tetap berperan aktif.
Penyebaran informasi terkait perencanaan stunting juga perlu ditingkatkan melalui
media daring seperti WhatsApp, Facebook, dan Telegram untuk mendorong
partisipasi publik. Tak kalah penting, mekanisme pelibatan masyarakat dan
pemerintah desa harus diperkuat sejak tahap awal hingga evaluasi melalui forum
desa, pelatihan kader lokal, serta pendekatan berbasis komunitas yang inklusif
dan edukatif, agar partisipasi masyarakat benar-benar substantif, bukan sekadar
formalitas.

Kata Kunci: Stunting, Perencanaan, Collaborative Governance, Stakeholders

SUMMARY

Hilmayadi Umar, Master of Public Administration Study Program, Brawijaya
University Malang, “Planning for Stunting Reduction in North Lombok Regency in
the Perspective of Collaborative Governance”; Supervisory Commission: Chair:
Professor Bambang Supriyono, MS, Member: Dr. Endah Setyowati, S.Sos.,M.Si.
National development aims to create an advanced, independent and prosperous
society, with human resources as the main capital. One indicator of the quality of
human resources is health, which is a human right and guaranteed by the state
through various health development programs. However, the problem of
malnutrition that results in stunting is still a big challenge in Indonesia. Stunting has
a long-term impact on child development and future productivity, so the
government sets stunting reduction as a priority in planning documents such as
the 2020-2024 RPJMN, with a prevalence target of 14% by 2024. In North Lombok
District, the stunting rate, which previously reached 33% in 2020, was successfully
reduced to 15.98% in early 2024 through various interventions and policies.
However, there are inequalities between sub-districts and differences in data
between SSGI and e-PPGBM that pose their own challenges in the planning
process. Therefore, it is important for Bappeda as the coordinator of stunting
reduction to design a plan that is responsive to local conditions, and involves
various stakeholders. The concept of ideal planning as proposed by Catanese and
Snyder (1986) and the collaborative governance approach are very relevant to
overcome this problem. Collaborative governance involves cooperation across
government, private, and community sectors and the active participation of
stakeholders. Although regulatively the roles of various actors have been
regulated, the implementation is still not optimal, especially in involving the
community and the private sector in the planning process. In addition, previous
studies have focused more on program implementation, while the planning aspect,
especially in the perspective of collaborative governance, has not been widely
studied. Therefore, this research will explore the planning process for stunting
reduction in North Lombok Regency, how stunting reduction planning based on a
collaborative governance perspective is implemented, the stakeholders involved,
and the supporting and inhibiting factors.

In this study, the theory used is the planning process model developed by
Catanesse & Snyder (1986) which consists of problem diagnosis, goal formulation,
estimates and projections, alternative development, feasibility analysis, evaluation
and implementation. Furthermore, using the collaborative governance model
proposed by Ansell & Gash (2007) which consists of initial conditions, institutional
design, facilitative leadership, collaboration processes and outcomes, as well as
stakeholder theory by Maryono et al (2005) which consists of Key Stakeholders,
Primary Stakeholders, and Supporting Stakeholders.

This research uses a qualitative approach with a description type, with data
collection techniques using interviews and documentation, data sources come
from informants in the field and documents in the form of laws and regulations and
reports on 8 convergence actions, testing the validity of data refers to 4 criteria put
forward by Moleong (2017) namely trust standards, transparency standards,
dependability standards and dependability standards, data analysis techniques
using interactive analysis models by Miles, Huberman & Saldana.
The results of field findings show that stunting reduction planning in North Lombok
Regency has been carried out according to the planning process model, but there
are still shortcomings in the formulation of goals that are not included in planning
documents and the absence of short-term, medium-term and long-term
projections. Then the planning to reduce stunting in the perspective of collaborative
governance is still not optimal because in the initial conditions there is still an
imbalance of authority and there are no incentives to motivate actors in planning,
in the collaboration process, although there are already meeting forums in
preparing plans such as coordination meetings and rembuk stunting, but
community and private participation and village governments are still lacking.
Furthermore, key stakeholders consist of the regional head and deputy regional
head, Bappeda, DP2KB PMD, primary stakeholders consist of DKPP, Dinsos PPA,
Dikbudpora, DPUPR PKP, and supporting stakeholders consist of the Ministry of
Religion, provincial government, BKKBN, health organizations, NGOs,
universities, village governments, communities and the private sector. Supporting
factors in stunting planning are leadership commitment, human resources and
budget, while inhibiting factors are lack of coordination and community
participation.
The North Lombok District Government is advised to formulate clear objectives in
planning documents and make projections of stunting reduction based on
EPPGBM data to the zero percent target, in order to strengthen policy direction,
monitoring achievements, and cross-sector commitment. In addition, financial
incentives for stakeholders involved in planning can be provided as a form of
appreciation and motivation to continue to play an active role. Dissemination of
information related to stunting planning also needs to be improved through online
media such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Telegram to encourage public
participation. Equally important, the mechanism for involving the community and
village government must be strengthened from the early stages to evaluation
through village forums, training of local cadres, and community-based approaches
that are inclusive and educative, so that community participation is truly
substantive, not just a formality.

Keys Words: Stunting, Planning, Collaborative Governance, Stakeholders

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Ketersediaan

2025136

TES 612 UMA p 2025 K!

Fadel Muhammad Resource Center (Ilmu Terapan dan Teknologi)

Tersedia namun tidak untuk dipinjamkan - No Loan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

-

No. Panggil

TES 612 UMA p 2025 K!

Penerbit

Malang : Program Magister Adminstrasi Publik Fakultas Ilmu Administasi Universitas Brawijaya., 2025

Deskripsi Fisik

xviii, 191 Halaman ; Ilus : 29,5 cm

Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

612

Tipe Isi

text

Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

-

Edisi

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Subjek

Planning
Perencanaan
Stakeholders
collaborative governance
Tesis / Thesis
Stunting
Collaborative Governance,

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Hilmayadi Umar

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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